International

Specialized Subjectology

The Department of Contemporary Jurisprudence

ethics-of-artificial-intelligence

artificial-intelligence-law

contemporary-jurisprudence-and-international-instruments

Approximately 20 days ago, the Office of Contemporary Jurisprudence launched a general call for seminary and university thinkers to assist in the critique of the draft.

&nbsp;A number of seminary teachers and researchers working in jurisprudence, ethics, philosophy, law and artificial intelligence announced their readiness in this regard to present strategic&nbsp;and appropriate legislative recommendations.

The Head of Iran&#39;s Seminaries Ayatullah Arafi delivered the prepared critic on the document to President Raisi so that it may be used by the relevant Iranian authorities prevent the entry of such alien issues as the 2030 document (UNESCO&rsquo;s Sustainable development goals), which is in contrast to the Islamic-Iranian culture of the country.&nbsp;

The finalized UNESCO document on AI ethics will be reviewed, and a revised critique will be published as a standalone book.

Department of Contemporary Jurisprudence, Jurisprudence, UNESCO, AI

UNESCO has finalized its draft on artificial intelligence ethics document after two years of extensive work and revisions, and plans to present it for approval of the member states at the 41st meeting in Paris in October 2021.

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UNESCO Finalizes AI Ethics Draft, Set for Approval at 41st Meeting in Paris

The call includes presenting a comprehensive critique in relation to the final draft of &#39;UNESCO&rsquo;s&nbsp;recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence&#39; and formulating an alternative recommendation on the subject.

All critiques and proposals will be compiled and submitted to the Foreign Ministry to ensure that, during the UNESCO meetings scheduled for late October, the Islamic Republic of Iran presents well-informed positions and alternative recommendations on the subject.&nbsp;

Being selected, the critiques along with a translation of the aforementioned recommendations will be published in a book by&nbsp;the department of contemporary jurisprudence.

<a name="_Hlk193641294"></a> The department of contemporary jurisprudence has completed the translation of UNESCO&#39;s final draft on artificial intelligence ethics recommendations. The translation will be provided to verified researchers, selected based on their qualifications and expertise, who are expected to evaluate the document critically and submit their feedback and recommendations to the department.

Once critiques and alternative recommendations are compiled and published in a book, they will receive financial support.

As of today, until October 21, 2021, eligible seminary and university students can submit their scientific resumes along with a detailed explanation of their expertise related to the subject to the department of contemporary jurisprudence through @rfiqhci on Eitaa. Upon verification, the department will establish contact and schedule the next steps accordingly.

 
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A global academic opportunity emerges as scholars are invited to submit papers critiquing UNESCO's artificial intelligence ethics recommendation document, with financial support being granted for the best papers.

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Academic Call: Critiquing UNESCO's AI Ethics Framework

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In this course the opinions and proofs related to the issue of “the scope of the application of ‘compulsion’ in case of confirmation of harm to someone who is not compelled.”Professor: Ayatollah Mahdi Shab Zendeh Dar (may his life be prolonged)Time: Saturday - Tuesday/ 10.15 – 11 amFirst Session: Tuesday, 22nd September 2020The classes will be held online.The link to participate in the lesson is as follows:<a href="https://rubika.ir/Feghahat_ir">https://rubika.ir/Feghahat_ir</a>

The advanced course on contemporary jurisprudence on the subject of “the terms of sale compared to international and domestic legal rules” is being held. 

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Terms of Sale compared to International and Domestic Legal Rules 

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- That which you do not know of the Department of Contemporary Jurisprudence!- What is the method of work that the Department of Contemporary Jurisprudence has? What are the future unspoken plans?- Answers to many of the existing questions.- A small room and tens of researchers around the world, an excellent model for research management.&nbsp;Use the following link to download the high-quality video format of the interview by the Head of the Department of Contemporary Jurisprudence of the Islamic Seminaries:&nbsp;<a href="https://s17.picofile.com/file/8421489800/Comp_1_1_2.mp4.html">https://s17.picofile.com/file/8421489800/Comp_1_1_2.mp4.html</a>&nbsp;Live online link and download (link) of higher quality video format of the interview by the Head of the Department of Contemporary Jurisprudence of the Islamic Seminaries through the Qur'an channel:<a href="https://qurantv.ir/info/226157">https://qurantv.ir/info/226157</a>

The Head of the Department of Contemporary Jurisprudence of the Islamic Seminaries introduced the activities of the Department of Contemporary Jurisprudence in an interview with the Qur'an Seema Channel.

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Complete interview of the Head of the Department of Contemporary Jurisprudence of the Islamic Seminaries with the Qur'an Seema Channel

separation-of-powers

philosophy-of-separation-of-powers

specialized-subjectology

Article: Sovereignty and the Separation of Powers in John Locke

Author: Bedri Gencer

Bedri Gencer is a teacher in the Department of Humanities and Social Sciences in Yildiz Technical University located in Istanbul, Turkey. He is engaged in the fields of history, Islamic philosophy, and political philosophy. With an H-index of 9, his work has been cited 4 times in academic literature.

The journal The European Legacy specializes in research on historical, philosophical, ideological, and modern European cultural sources, exploring their connections and influences on the broader global context.

 
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Exposition of the article:

Unlike most interpretations that view Locke through a strictly modern lens, his conceptualization of sovereignty reflects a traditional and theological perspective. Locke aims to re-traditionalize the evolving world by adapting it to established concepts, drawing on theological, social, and political insights along the way.

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Article: The Rise and Fall of the Separation of Powers

 
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Author: Steven G. Calabresi, Mark E. Berghausen, Skylar Albertson

Steven G. Calabresi, one of the three authors of this article, earned his education at Yale University&#39;s Department of Law and currently serves as a professor at Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law. Additionally, he has been a visiting professor at Yale Law School and Brown University. Calabresi is also a co-founder of the Federalist Society.

Mark E. Berghausen is a graduate from the Northwestern University School of Law and at present, works in the field of litigation.

Skylar Albertson is also the third of the authors of the article and is a graduate from the Brown University School of Law, currently engaged in litigation field.

The article appeared in the Northwestern University Law Review, a journal published six times annually. With an H-index of 41, the journal is recognized for its credibility and holds a prestigious Q1 rating.

 
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Exposition of the article:

This article examines the separation of powers system in the United States, arguing that it leans more towards a democratized version of a mixed regime rather than a strictly functional separation of powers. The analysis draws on a brief historical overview of the U.S. system and its procedural framework.

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Seventh chapter of the book &lsquo;Constitutionalism and the Separation of Powers&rsquo; 

 
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Author: M. J. C. Vile

M. J. C. Vile, the author of the book, is a distinguished scholar and professor of political science. A graduate of Westminster University and the London School of Economics, his research focuses on federalism, the separation of powers, and the theory of constitutionalism. Vile has held academic positions at renowned institutions, including Nuffield College at Oxford University, the University of Massachusetts, and the University of Kent.

The present book was first published in 1967 and after that, it was re-printed several times. It is published by Liberty Fund, a private American publishing house founded in 1960 with a focus on education. According to Google Scholar, the book has been cited 1,531 times.

 
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Exposition of the work:

The theory of separation of powers has significantly influenced political institutions in the post-revolutionary era. In this section, the author argues that this phase in the evolution of the theory stems from a transition from Montesquieu&#39;s perspective to Rousseau&#39;s, incorporating Rousseau&#39;s political philosophy by introducing the concept of the &#39;House of Representatives.&#39; Beyond the historical context, examining this pivotal period in French history provides valuable insights into some of the most critical debates surrounding the separation of powers and the interpretations that have emerged from these controversies.

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Article: Montesquieu&rsquo;s Mistakes and the True Meaning of Separation

 
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Author: Laurence Claus

Laurence Claus, a professor of law at the University of San Diego, earned his doctorate from the University of Oxford. His primary areas of expertise include Comparative Constitutional Law, Constitutional Law, Contracts, and Animal Law. Among his notable works are A Republic, &#39;If the Courts Can Keep It?,&#39; &#39;Authority and Meaning,&#39; &#39;Enumeration and the Silences of Constitutional Federalism,&#39; &#39;The Divided Executive,&#39; &#39;Law&#39;s Evolution and Human Understanding,&#39; and &#39;The Empty Idea of Authority.&#39;

The Oxford Journal of Legal Studies, published by the University of Oxford on behalf of its Faculty of Law, is a renowned law journal, ranking third among non-specialized legal publications.

The journal covers a wide range of topics aimed at fostering a comprehensive understanding of all aspects of law. It emphasizes a theoretical and interdisciplinary approach, inviting exceptional original contributions in doctrinal and critical scholarship on both domestic and international law. Additionally, it welcomes works on comparative law, legal history, and legal philosophy. The publication has an H-index of 25, reflecting the number of citations it has received and serving as a measure of its academic credibility and reliability.

 
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Exposition of the article:

Montesquieu concluded in the book &lsquo;The spirit of the Laws&rsquo; that the constitution of liberty can best be achieved by assigning three essentially different governmental activities to different actors as it has been achieved in Britain. He was wrong. His mistaken conclusion rested on two errors. First, Montesquieu thought that the primary exercise of powers could durably be divided only where those powers differed in kind. Second, Montesquieu failed to recognize the lawmaking character of executive and judicial exposition of existing law.

The article examines the implications of Montesquieu&#39;s errors for contemporary assertions in both Britain and the United States that liberty and the rule of law are enhanced by the separation of powers in specific contexts. It critiques the British Government&#39;s recent argument that the principles underlying the separation-of-powers theory necessitate the removal of ultimate appellate jurisdiction from the House of Lords. Additionally, it explores Montesquieu&#39;s influence on the American founders&#39; efforts to separate powers along essentialist lines, highlighting some unintended consequences, such as the non-delegation quandary and the rise of an unchecked judicial lawmaker.

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Article: Internal Separation of Powers: Checking Today&rsquo;s Most Dangerous Branch From Within

Author: Neal Katyal

Neal Katyal, the Paul Saunders Chair in National Security Law at Georgetown University, previously served as Acting Solicitor General of the United States. He is renowned for his expertise in Constitutional Law, Criminal Law, and Intellectual Property. Katyal boasts an impressive track record, including arguing the most Supreme Court cases in U.S. history as a deputy attorney in 2017. Additionally, he has held roles such as National Security Adviser in the U.S. Justice Department and has been recognized as &quot;Lawyer of the Year&quot; by esteemed publications like Legal Times and National Law.

 
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This article was published in &lsquo;The Yale Law Journal&rsquo; in the year 2005. This journal, with a history of approximately 100 years, is one of the eight legal periodicals and the most extensive of them which is printed by the University of Yale. This journal is a student-run journal which is run by a team consisting of teachers and graduates of the university and many of the authors in this journal are amongst the highest law ranking personalities in America. This journal is amongst the journals which is of interest to legal societies of the United States.

The article was published in The Yale Law Journal in 2005. With a history spanning nearly a century, this journal is one of eight legal periodicals produced by Yale University and the most prominent among them. It is a student-run publication managed by a team of faculty members and alumni, featuring contributions from some of the most esteemed figures in American law. This journal is highly regarded by legal communities across the United States.

 
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Exposition of the article:

In today&#39;s governance system, where the executive branch wields extensive powers with limited surveillance and oversight, the separation of powers among the three branches has faltered. To address this issue, it is essential to divide politics and bureaucracy within the executive branch. Structural and historical factors have weakened legislative and judicial supervision over the executive branch, while the bureaucratic system&#39;s reliance on presidential decisions and political authorities has enabled the president to exercise unchecked power. This is particularly evident in confidential areas such as security and foreign policy, where the bureaucratic system is often leveraged to advance short-term political goals.

To address this issue, it is essential to depoliticize the bureaucracy and manage its affairs with specialized expertise, ensuring the president can oversee the executive branch in a controlled manner. This goal can be achieved through measures such as establishing distinct yet overlapping cabinet offices, mandating reviews of government actions by multiple agencies, implementing civil-service protections for employees, requiring regular reporting to Congress, and appointing an impartial authority to resolve inter-agency disputes. The proposal outlined in this article aims to create a competitive system with transparency, enabling internal oversight within the executive branch and ensuring the president&#39;s extensive powers are exercised under proper supervision.

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Article: Prelude to the Separation of Powers

 
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Author: Nicholas Barber

Nicholas Barber, the author of this article, began his studies at the University of Oxford&#39;s Faculty of Law in 1998. Two years later, he became a fellow at Trinity College. Barber earned both his bachelor and master degrees from Oxford and was appointed as a University Lecturer in Law in 2013. Four years later, he advanced to the role of Professor of Constitutional Law and Theory. Although Barber is a qualified lawyer, he is not actively practicing law. He has delivered numerous lectures on constitutional law and theory around the world and has published extensively in these fields. Notable among his works are The Principles of Constitutionalism and The Constitutional State.

The article was published in 2001 in Volume 60 of The Cambridge Law Journal, the primary academic publication of the Faculty of Law at the University of Cambridge. Originally founded by the Cambridge University Law Society as a student-led initiative, this journal is a distinguished academic platform. While it covers all areas of law, it places particular emphasis on contemporary legal developments.

A notable aspect of the journal is its Case and Comment section, where members of the Cambridge Law Faculty and other esteemed contributors provide analyses of recent judicial decisions, new legislation, and current law reform proposals. Additionally, it includes a comprehensive section dedicated to book reviews. This journal holds the distinction of being the oldest university law journal in the United Kingdom and ranks as the seventh most influential in the country.

 
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Exposition of the article:

The author&rsquo;s primary argument is that, contrary to the views of many thinkers, the essence of the theory of separation of powers lies in governmental efficiency rather than in safeguarding citizens&#39; freedom from authoritarian interference. The efficiency, the author asserts, is achieved through the effective alignment of form and function.

 
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A comprehensive exploration of books and articles focused on the theory of separation of powers, sourced from English-language materials, will be undertaken here.

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English Reading Materials in Relation to the ‘Theory of Separation of Powers’

Contemporary Jurisprudence Education

Al-Fā'iq-fī-Al-Uṣūl

Ijtihādī-Evolution

The series has been carefully edited and presented in a modern, professional format.

In order to purchase Al-Fāiq and all other books related to ijtihad and specialized sciences, published by the office of contemporary jurisprudence, click on <a href="http://yun.ir/Sfiqhci">http://yun.ir/Sfiqhci</a> and follow the office on Eita.

The two-volume series Sharḥ Al-Fāiq fī Al-Usūl, based on the lessons of Āyatullah Shab Zendedār, is available for online purchase with a 10% discount. 

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Online Purchase of Sharḥ al-Fāiq fī al-Usūl Available

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According to the news agency of the seminary, Ayatollah Makarem Shirazi, the Grand Marja of the Shia, deemed it necessary to pay deep attention to the subjects in of contemporary jurisprudence.

He made the request in a meeting with the heads of the seminaries and the contemporary jurisprudence department while praising their accomplishments in the field. He emphasized the importance of focusing on the depth of the subjects and ensuring a strong intellectual role the Office of Contemporary Jurisprudence should play.

At the beginning of the meeting, Ayatollah Arafi expressed gratitude to Ayatollah Makarem Shirazi for his support, discussed seminary administration and programs, and highlighted the initiatives and publications of the Office of Contemporary Jurisprudence.

He emphasized the importance of thorough 5-year planning for significant tasks, including the activities of the Office of Contemporary Jurisprudence. The focus is on advanced lessons rooted in seminary methodology, avoiding pseudo-enlightenment ideas, and relying on independent seminary principles. The institute collaborates with seminary and university teachers to analyze subjects jurisprudentially. This year, a 9-volume book on ijtihad in contemporary jurisprudence has been published, with plans for an equal number of new books next year.

The head of Iran&#39;s Islamic seminary highlighted the collaborative effort behind the book Al-Fā&rsquo;iq and its commentary, authored with the support of renowned advanced jurisprudence teachers. He emphasized that this book, as a supplement to Kifāyah, has sparked intellectual growth in the seminary. He also noted that future publications will be added to the seminary education system which will complement Makāsib in subjects such as &#39;legal entity.&#39;

Identifying and publishing books which in the last 100 years have been authored in Najaf and Qom on contemporary subject was a project he considered one of the other tasks of Contemporary Jurisprudence Office in the next year.

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Ayatollah Arafi noted: &quot;We have contacted different Government bodies and have collected their issues and principle needs and formed more than 20 intellectual committees with the respected research executive Hujjatul Islām wa al-Muslimīn Muqīmī Ḥājī.&quot;

He stated that students, teachers, and seminary centers conducting strategic research aligned with announced guidelines to address societal issues will receive support, adding that over 100 projects have already commenced and are set to be published by next year.

<a name="_Hlk193138132"></a> Rapid Growth in Seminary Lessons

Hujjat al-Islam wa al-Muslimīn Esna Ashari, head of the Department of Contemporary Jurisprudence of the seminary, for his part said: &lsquo;Although these lessons began in the second half of the seminary school year, 72 teachers and more than 1000 students participated in these lessons and it is anticipated that this number will be doubled in the next year.

With over 200 teachers, around 4,800 students are enrolled in advanced contemporary jurisprudence lessons, and 2,500 in Al-Fā&rsquo;iq courses, he reported and said the figures reflect 45% of high-level students&#39; engagement with contemporary issues in some capacity.

Hujjat al-Islam wa al-Muslimīn Esna Ashari added: &quot;At higher levels, students and teachers not only teach and study but also research new lessons alongside traditional seminary subjects. This allows them to grasp traditional principles of ijtihad while exploring its application to contemporary issues.&quot;

The office of contemporary jurisprudence highlighted the popularity of introductory books in this semester, including &#39;Usury and Islamic Banking&#39; and &#39;Analysis of Methods to Elude Usury&#39; by Ayatollah Makarem, &#39;Governance in Islam by Ayatollah Khalkhālī, &#39;Our Economics&#39; by Shahīd Ṣadr, &#39;Jurisprudence of Guardianship and Governance&#39; by Ayatollah Maẓāherī, and Fiqh of Cryptocurrencies by Ayatollah Sayyed Mohammad Reza Modaressi.

 
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Seminary Initiatives Essential in Jurisprudence Development 

During the meeting held at Ayatollah Makarem Shirazi&#39;s residence, he highlighted the growing interest in jurisprudence and its principles within the seminaries, emphasizing their foundational role in religious rulings. He acknowledged the significant initiatives in this field, praising them as important steps in the right direction.

He highlighted subjectology examples, emphasizing the need for precise analysis of money, its origins, and generation within the complexities of the modern global economic system.

He argued that topics of cryptocurrencies, their classification as money or commodities, and the analysis of various company forms and investment types require precise scrutiny.

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&quot;Additionally, the foundational rulings on these subjects must be clarified. The issue of loans, borrowing, and the disapproval of such practices, as noted in Imam Khomeini&#39;s writings, is another critical matter that demands serious attention and action,&quot; the Grand Marja said.

Hujjat al-Islam Esna Ashari reported an extensive seminary-university team being established from different scientific fields and serious attention is being given to interdisciplinary research and different thematic aspects such as money. Likewise, opinions of legislative groups are being taken into account and lengthy periods are being dedicated to thematic while sometimes last over a year.

At the end, the Ayatollah demanded the abstracts and conclusions of teachers&#39; intellectual works on cryptocurrencies and other publications to be sent to him for a review.

Ayatollah Makarem Shirazi expressed his satisfaction with the advancement of the office of contemporary jurisprudence, urging deep attention to the subjects in of contemporary jurisprudence 

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Ayatollah Makarem Shirazi Calls for Special attention to Contemporary Jurisprudence Works

new edition

In order to purchase al-Fāiq and all other books related to ijtihad and specialized sciences (published by) the office of contemporary jurisprudence, click &nbsp;<a href="http://yun.ir/Sfiqhci">http://yun.ir/Sfiqhci</a>. You can follow the office of contemporary jurisprudence bookshop on <a href="https://eitaa.com/fiqhci">Eitaa</a>.&nbsp;In order to uphold fairness in the distribution of books, all books will be dispatched for free to Qum and around the country and there is no difference in the number of books for which an order is placed.&nbsp;&nbsp;To ensure fairness in the distribution of books, all books will be shipped free of charge to Qum and across the country, regardless of the quantity ordered.&nbsp;Winter of 2022 to Be Spring of SeminaryGradually, dozens of books will be added to the collection of the Contemporary Jurisprudence Bookshop. You can join our channel on Eita right away to stay updated and not miss out on any of the remarkable works from the departments of Islamic studies.

The ninth edition of the book "Al-Fāiq fī Al-Usūl" has been published in a new, professional format, and online orders are now available with a special discount.

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Ninth Edition of Al-Fāiq Published

Contemporary Jurisprudence Research

Cases also are reported even receiving money for every download of the book.&nbsp;Additionally, the available scanned copy is outdated, and due to the subsequent changes, it cannot be relied upon or cited in any form.&nbsp;The scanning action was carried out without the permission of the Department of Contemporary Jurisprudence, but it also is against the existing regulations in Iran, a case which will be legally pursued by the 'Intisharat Hawzeh' (Hawzeh publications).&nbsp;The final copy of the book 'Al-Fa'iq' will be published in the near future on relevant software for those interested in it. The necessary announcements will be made in due time.

Unfortunately some websites and (instant messaging) channels, going against basic etiquettes, have scanned previous editions of the book 'Al-Fa'iq' and published it online.

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Department of Contemporary Jurisprudence Issues Notice on Publish Abuse 

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During the unveiling of newly published advanced jurisprudence volumes by the Office of Contemporary Jurisprudence, Hojjatoleslam Hosein Ethna-Ashari highlighted several major developments:&nbsp;Achievements:<ul><li style="direction:ltr;text-align:justify;">Five key volumes on Islamic Legal Theory—including Al-Fāiq fī Al-Usūl, Al-Rāid fī Al-Usūl, and a related commentary—were compiled and taught in 240 classrooms across the country, reaching 5,000 students over the past two years;</li><li style="direction:ltr;text-align:justify;">Authoring the book entitled “A Legal Entity” and making a start on teaching this book on a trial basis;</li><li style="direction:ltr;text-align:justify;">Formation of 8 research groups with the cooperation of university professors in the fields of economics, fundamental rights, human rights, legal procedure, social media, artificial intelligence, and cryptocurrencies;</li><li style="direction:ltr;text-align:justify;">Cooperation with the jurists of the Islamic Seminary and launching advanced jurisprudential lessons in the subjects of cryptocurrencies, money, stock exchange, and capital market, judicial law, legislative jurisprudence, and legal entity;&nbsp;</li><li style="direction:ltr;text-align:justify;">Compilation and publication of 9 volumes of books out of the lessons of contemporary jurisprudence;</li><li style="direction:ltr;text-align:justify;">A collaborative platform was developed with Islamic Seminary departments for professors and students to promote advanced jurisprudential studies in contemporary jurisprudence. This initiative led to a record-breaking academic year (2022–2023), with 50 courses and over 3,400 participants, making it the most attended and most offered subject area in advanced jurisprudence—representing nearly 45% of all enrolled students.</li><li style="direction:ltr;text-align:justify;">Announcement of more than 200 topics for level 3 and 4 theses related to the topics that were taught.</li><li style="direction:ltr;text-align:justify;">Four books were compiled covering key topics: SDRs as the first international currency, legal perspectives on money, and AI ethics. These works will be distributed to seminary teachers and presented with published critical reviews and appropriate academic titles—similar to how the late Kashif al-Ghita’s Tahrīr al-Majala was introduced—for inclusion in curriculum at Islamic Seminaries and universities.</li><li style="direction:ltr;text-align:justify;">Formation of specialized working groups to review international and domestic documents and laws.&nbsp;</li><li style="direction:ltr;text-align:justify;">Compilation of a single-volume critique addressing UNESCO’s draft recommendations on AI ethics. Developed with input from experts in jurisprudence, ethics, philosophy, and law, the work was submitted to Iran’s UNESCO negotiation team and is slated for expansion into two comprehensive volumes for future publication.</li><li style="direction:ltr;text-align:justify;">Establishment of “Ijtihād to University” network to convert scholarly work from Islamic jurists into accessible academic articles. This effort successfully led to the publication of its first paper—on cryptocurrencies—in the Monetary and Banking Journal of Iran's Central Bank Research Institute, marking a breakthrough in bridging traditional jurisprudence and modern academic discourse.</li></ul>&nbsp;Future Plans<ul><li style="direction:ltr;text-align:justify;">Introducing 8 foundational courses in contemporary jurisprudence, featuring 19 key titles including A Bank with Usury, Sovereignty in Islam, and other topical studies;</li><li style="direction:ltr;text-align:justify;">Planning the compilation of 7 new volumes covering advanced jurisprudential issues on contemporary subjects, scheduled for release in the upcoming academic year;</li><li style="direction:ltr;text-align:justify;">Officially launching the course titled "The Legal Entity" as part of contemporary jurisprudence, designed to complement the foundational text Makāsib;</li><li style="direction:ltr;text-align:justify;">Preparing to publish at least five specialized volumes, each accompanied by scholarly critique from seminary experts, on pivotal subjects including venture capital, monetary law, AI ethics, and separation of powers;</li><li style="direction:ltr;text-align:justify;">Producing an "Ijtihad Roundtable" program, a thought-provoking broadcast featuring seminarian jurists discussing key issues in jurisprudence and Islamic Legal Theory;</li><li style="direction:ltr;text-align:justify;">Undertaking the translation of Islamic Seminary educational materials into global languages to enrich and contribute to the international academic literature;</li></ul>In continuation, pictures related to the unveiling ceremony of the books of advanced jurisprudence have been uploaded:<figure class="image image_resized" style="width:77.93%;"><img src="https://fms.s3.ir-thr-at1.arvanstorage.com/photo_2022_11_16_23_26_34_ae50c881c5.jpg"></figure><figure class="image image_resized" style="width:77.61%;"><img src="https://fms.s3.ir-thr-at1.arvanstorage.com/photo_2022_11_16_23_26_31_0f7ff73bce.jpg"></figure><figure class="image image_resized" style="width:76.64%;"><img src="https://fms.s3.ir-thr-at1.arvanstorage.com/photo_2022_11_16_23_26_05_a01d004172.jpg"></figure>

Head of Contemporary Jurisprudence Office, Hojjatoleslam Hosein Ethna-Ashari, unveiled the achievements and plans of the office.

UNESCO Finalizes AI Ethics Draft, Set for Approval at 41st Meeting in Paris

UNESCO has finalized its draft on artificial intelligence ethics document after two years of extensive work and revisions, and plans to present it for approval of the member states at the 41st meeting in Paris in October 2021.

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