Iran

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test2

Contemporary Jurisprudence Education

Contemporary Jurisprudence Research

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Notice by the Department of Contemporary Jurisprudence in relation to the misuse by some people

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The 9th edition of al-Fāiq has been published 

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Publication of a two volume series on Sharḥ al-Fāiq fī al-Usūl 

The Department of Contemporary Jurisprudence

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Full text of Ayatollah Makarem Shirazi’s meeting with the head of the seminaries and head of the office of contemporary jurisprudence

International

Specialized Subjectology

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Critique of UNESCO’s recommendations has been delivered to the respected president of the Republic

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How to source the books of advanced jurisprudence of the department of contemporary jurisprudence?

Islamic Seminary

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Achievement of the highest rank of the “Islamic Seminary’s Book of the Year” in the subject of Jurisprudence and Islamic Legal Theory

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Summary of the speech of the director of the department of contemporary jurisprudence of the Islamic Seminaries in the unveiling ceremony of the books of advanced jurisprudence of the department of contemporary jurisprudence

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Meeting 320 of Academic Committee of Contemporary Jurisprudence was held

this is a test theory that help us to improve functions.

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Educational

Motivational

It's a new theory

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social

Scientists make skin look 30 years younger

This research tries to answer the question of what role Shia women of the 4th century of Hijri, which is the golden age of Islam, played in the expansion of the sciences and culture of Islamic civilization with a descriptive and analytical method. Since cultural creation is not limited to a certain class, women as half of the society play a role in its creation. Considering their educational position and Shia teachings in all the various scientific, social, cultural and political aspects of Shia history, as the continuation and manifestation of true Islam after the Prophet (PBUH), they are always in the consolidation and deepening of Islamic sciences and the spread of Shia culture. had an effective role, and in some stages they were decisive. In the fourth century of Hijri - which was the same time as the Shia governments, including: Al-Buyeh, Fatimids and Hamdanians, and the same period as the Sunni caliphate under the Abbasid government - we witness extensive direct or indirect positive activities of Shia women in the expansion of Islamic sciences. 1

This research tries to answer the question of what role Shia women of the 4th century of Hijri, which is the golden age of Islam, played in the expansion of the sciences and culture of Islamic civilization with a descriptive and analytical method.

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The activities of Shia women in the 4th century Hijri in consolidating and deepening science and culture in Islamic civilization

Some of the reports contained in the books of the Prophet&#39;s (PBUH) biography have been completed and developed based on the Qur&#39;anic verses. In this way, when the narrators report the Prophet&#39;s life, they have tried to report it in accordance with the Qur&#39;an and compile their explanations according to the Qur&#39;anic information in order to complete and develop it. Therefore, the sources of history and history contain cases of quoting the verses of the Qur&#39;an in historical events. A number of these cases indicate that the Messenger of God (PBUH) referred to Quranic verses in historical events. 1

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<a href="http://ensani.ir/fa/article/download/486912">Click</a> to view the full version

Some of the reports contained in the books of the Prophet's (PBUH) biography have been completed and developed based on the Qur'anic verses. In this way, when the narrators report the Prophet's life, they have tried to report it in accordance with the Qur'an and compile their explanations according to the Qur'anic information in order to complete and develop it.

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Investigation and analysis of the references of the Messenger of God (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) to the verses of the Qur'an in historical events

Abstract Scholars including religious scholars hold differing views on the Islamic legitimacy of a political system. Among Sunni Scholars, theories of “brute force”, “nomination”, “inheritance”, and “election” are mostly agreed upon in this regard and Shiite scholars, early and late, believed in three principal and important jurisprudential theories such as "appointment", "election", and "consensus" on the matter of Islamic legitimacy for a political system. The question we ask in this paper is what are the differences and rationales for these differing Shiite scholarly perspectives and in fact what do each of these theories see as the basis for the legitimacy of a government in Islam, and why? In this research, we examine and clarify these three important theories in terms of their jurisprudential arguments.&nbsp;writer:<ul><li>Sayyed Mohammad Reza Marandi</li></ul>Assistant Professor , depatment of political jurisprodent. shahid beheshti university

Scholars including religious scholars hold differing views on the Islamic legitimacy of a political system.

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 Three Shiite jurisprudential theories on the Islamic legitimacy of a political system 

Approximately 20 days ago, the office of contemporary jurisprudence launched a general call for seminary and university thinkers to assist in the critique of the recommendations draft.&nbsp;A number of respected seminary teachers and researchers of jurisprudence, ethics, philosophy, law and artificial intelligence announced their readiness in this regard and through their concise and accurate work, in addition to the fundamental and formative critiques, we were able to present strategic&nbsp;and appropriate legislative recommendations.&nbsp;Ayatullah Arafi as well, like always, with support, backing and quick measures, delivered the prepared document to President Raisi thus it may be used by the present Iranian delegation in the meetings, so we do not encounter similar issues like the 2030 document (UNESCO’s Sustainable development goals).&nbsp;In this relation, we announce our many thanks and appreciation to all the dear teachers and researchers.&nbsp;At present, we are awaiting the final UNESCO document in ethics of artificial intelligence. Thereafter, the existing critique overseeing the draft will be amended and completed with the co-operation of the authors in relation to the text of the approved draft and will be publicly released in a book independent from the series of artificial intelligence books.&nbsp;

UNESCO, after two years of work and three amendments, at the end of the current year published the final draft of artificial intelligence ethics document and intends deliver this document in Paris for the approval of Member states on the 41st meeting in Āban 1400 (October 2021).

The member of the Guardian Council during his advanced kharij fiqh lessons in the grand mosque of Qom stated: “The way to prevent these issues from arising is that everyone - especially the ladies who maintain hijab and those who see Lady Fatimah al-Zahra and Zeinab al-Kubra (peace be upon them both) as their leaders - should announce that we want the hijab. This desire should be announced to the entire world.”&nbsp;Ayatollah Shab Zendeh Dar continued: “These rallies (in support of hijab) that we see in some places are effective and beneficial and should be supported. The public should help officials deal with this issue with greater determination, by making their demands heard"&nbsp;&nbsp;

Ayatollah Shab Zendeh Dar: The issue of hijab shouldn't be tied to economic problems.

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Ayatollah Shab Zendeh Dar Stresses on the Importance of Hijab

In this matter, books and articles related to the subject of theory of separation of powers in English sources will be discussed.&nbsp;&nbsp;The article: Sovereignty and the Separation of Powers in John LockeAuthor: Bedri Gencer&nbsp;Bedri Gencer is a teacher in the Department of Humanities and social sciences in Yildiz Technical University located in Istanbul, Turkey. He is active in the fields of History, Islamic philosophy and political philosophy, The H-index of this teacher is 9 and his article has been cited 4 times.&nbsp;&nbsp;The journal, The European Legacy, focuses on research in the field of historical, philosophical, ideological and modern European cultural sources and its relation to the rest of the world.&nbsp;Exposition of the article:&nbsp;In contrast to most interpretations exclusively modern in respect to Locke, Locke's conceptualization of sovereignty has a traditional and theological outlook and endeavours to re-traditionalize&nbsp;the new changing world through adaptation to existing concepts. In this journey, he has sought help from&nbsp;theological, social, and political perspectives.&nbsp;Get the full-text of the article&nbsp;&nbsp;The article: The rise and fall of the separation of powersAuthor:&nbsp;Steven G. Calabresi, Mark E. Berghausen&nbsp;Steven G. Calabresi is one of the three authors of this article. He studied in the Department of Law at Yale University and is a professor of law in the Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law. He has also been a visiting professor at Yale Law School and Brown University. He is one of the founders of the Federalist Society.&nbsp;&nbsp;Mark E. Berghausen is a graduate from the Northwestern University School of Law and at present, is active in the field of litigation.&nbsp;Skylar Albertson is also the third of the authors of this article and is a graduate from the Brown University School of Law and at present is engaged in litigation work.&nbsp;&nbsp;This article was published in the Northwestern University Law Review. This journal is published six times a year. The credibility of this journal on the basis of the H-index is 41. Similarly, it is a reliable publication with a Q1 rating.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Exposition of the article:&nbsp;In this article, the system of separation of powers in the United States is discussed. The main claim of the article is that the US separation of powers system is more inclined towards a democratized form of a mixed regime than a purely functional separation of powers. This claim is analysed with respect to a brief history of the United States’ separation of powers as well as in terms of procedures.&nbsp;&nbsp;Get the full-text of the article&nbsp;&nbsp;Seventh chapter of the&nbsp;book ‘Constitutionalism and the Separation of Powers’&nbsp;Author: M. J. C. Vile&nbsp;The author of this book,&nbsp;M. J. C. Vile, is a thinker and professor of political sciences. He, a graduate of West Minister University and London school of Economics, has conducted research in the area of Federalism, separation of powers and the theory of constitutionalism. Vile has been active in several universities including Nuffield College of Oxford University, University of Massachusetts and University of Kent.&nbsp;This book was first published in the year 1967 and after that, it has been re-printed several times. The publisher of this book is the ‘Liberty Fund’ which is a private American publishing house which was established in the year 1960 with the aim of education. As per the report by Google scholar, this book has been in total cited by 1531.&nbsp;Exposition of the work:&nbsp;The theory of separation of powers over the course of its life has had a noticeable impact on political institutions post-revolution. In this section of the book, the author strives to show that this stage of the life of the theory of separation of powers is a result of movement from&nbsp; Montesquieu’s view to Rousseau and adjustment of&nbsp; Rousseau’s political thought by introducing the institute of ‘House of representatives’ in it. Apart from the historical particulars, a study of this crucial period in the history of France can facilitate an understanding of a group of the most key controversies propounded in relation to the separation of powers and the formed interpretations surrounding these controversies.&nbsp;&nbsp;Get the full-text of the article&nbsp;&nbsp;Article: Montesquieu’s Mistakes and the True Meaning of SeparationAuthor: Laurence Claus&nbsp;Laurence Clause, a professor of Law at the University of San Diego, completed his studies in Doctorate at the University of Oxford. His principle subjects of study include Comparative Constitutional Law, Constitutional Law, Contracts and Animal Law. From amongst his important works are: ‘A Republic, If the Courts Can Keep It?’, ‘Authority and Meaning’, ‘Enumeration and the Silences of Constitutional Federalism’, ‘The Divided Executive’, ‘Law's Evolution and Human Understanding’, ‘The Empty Idea of Authority’.&nbsp;The Oxford Journal of Legal studies is a law publication published by the University of Oxford on behalf of the Faculty of Law. This journal ranks third among non-specialized legal publications.&nbsp;The Oxford Journal of Legal studies is published by the University of Oxford on behalf of the Faculty of Law. Subjects of the journal are designed to understand all matters relating to law. Similarly, the publication emphasizes on a theoretical approach and Interdisciplinary subjects of law and welcomes&nbsp;outstanding original contributions in doctrinal and critical scholarship on domestic and international law, and contributions to comparative law, to legal history, and to legal philosophy. The H-index of the article, which is a criterion to measure the number of citations of the publication and to assess its reliability, is 25 for this publication.&nbsp;&nbsp;Exposition of the article:&nbsp;Montesquieu’s concluded in the book ‘The spirit of the Laws’ that the constitution of liberty can best be achieved by assigning three essentially different governmental activities to different actors as it has been achieved in Britain. He was wrong. His mistaken conclusion rested on two errors. First, Montesquieu thought that the primary exercise of powers could durably be divided only where those powers differed in kind. Second, Montesquieu failed to recognize the lawmaking character of executive and judicial exposition of existing law.&nbsp;This article analyses implications of Montesquieu’s mistakes for modern claims, both in Britain and in the United States, that liberty and the rule of law are promoted by separating power in certain contexts. In particular, this article questions the British Government’s recent claim that the values underlying separation-of-powers theory call for removing ultimate appellate jurisdiction from the House of Lords. It also traces Montesquieu’s influence on the American founders’ attempt to separate power along essentialist lines, and considers some sub-optimal consequences of that attempt, including the non-delegation quandary and the emergence of an unchecked judicial lawmaker.&nbsp;Get the full-text of the article&nbsp;&nbsp;Article: Internal separation of Powers: Checking today’s most dangerous branch from withinAuthor: Neal Katyal&nbsp;Neal Katyal, a Paul Saunders chair professor of National security law at Georgetown university, was an Acting Solicitor General of the United States, has researched on Constitutional Law, Criminal Law, and Intellectual Property and possesses a brilliant and successful record as the Deputy Attorney General such that in the 2017, he argued the most Supreme Court cases in the history of America as a deputy attorney. He has served in other positions such as National Security Adviser in the U.S. Justice Department and was introduced as Lawyer of the Year by reputable journals such as Legal Times and National Law.&nbsp;This article was published in ‘The Yale Law Journal’ in the year 2005. This journal, with a history of approximately 100 years, is one of the eight legal periodicals and the most extensive of them which is printed by the University of Yale. This journal is a student-run journal which is run by a team consisting of teachers and graduates of the university and many of the authors in this journal are amongst the highest law ranking personalities in America. This journal is amongst the journals which is of interest to legal societies of the United States.&nbsp;Exposition of the article:&nbsp;Today, with the extensive powers and capabilities without surveillance and control of the executive branch, in the three-branch system of separation of powers and failure to function, it is necessary that this work be done by separating the two areas of politics and bureaucracy within the executive branch. Today, the supervision of the legislature and the judiciary over the executive branch has become weak due to structural-historical reasons and the absolute dependence of the bureaucratic system on the decision of the president and on the political authorities has made it possible for the president to easily have authority and power without supervision and control in the executive areas, especially in the areas of security and foreign policy, which are generally confidential and use the bureaucratic system to achieve their short-term political interests. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to depoliticize the bureaucracy and conduct its affairs in a specialized and expert manner so that the president can manage the executive branch in a controlled manner. This purpose can be achieved with familiarization tools such as: separate and overlapping cabinet offices, mandatory review of government action by different agencies, civil-service protections for their workers, reporting requirements to Congress, and an impartial decisionmaker to resolve inter-agency conflicts. Therefore, the plan of this article is to create a type of competitive system and transparency of information, to design the executive branch in such a way that internal supervision is created and the extensive powers of the president are applied with supervision.&nbsp;Get the full-text of the article&nbsp;Article: Prelude to the Separation of PowersAuthor: Nicholas Barber&nbsp;The author of this article, Nicholas Barber, began studying in 1998 in Law Faculty of the University of Oxford and after two years became a fellow at Trinity College. He obtained his MA and Bachelors from Oxford and was appointed as University Lecturer in Law in 2013. Four years after that, he came a Professor of Constitutional Law and Theory. Barber is a lawyer however he is not active in this area. He has lectured extensively&nbsp;on constitutional law and theory in many countries and has published many papers in these areas. From amongst his works are ‘The Principles of Constitutionalism’ and ‘The Constitutional State’.&nbsp;This article was published in the year 2001 in Volume 60 of The Cambridge Law Journal. This journal is an academic journal and is the principle academic publication of the Faculty of Law, University of Cambridge which was established as a student-led journal by the Cambridge University Law Society. The Cambridge Law Journal&nbsp;publishes articles on all aspects of law however special emphasis is placed on contemporary developments. An important feature of the journal is the Case and Comment section, in which members of the Cambridge Law Faculty and other distinguished contributors analyse recent judicial decisions, new legislation and current law reform proposals.&nbsp;Similarly, it contains an extensive section for book reviews.&nbsp; This journal is the longest established university law journal in the United Kingdom and the seventh most influential journal in the United Kingdom.&nbsp;&nbsp;Exposition of the article:&nbsp;The main claim of the author is that the central core of the theory of separation of powers, contrary to the opinion of many thinkers, is the efficiency of the government, not the preservation of citizens' freedom from the intervention of authoritarian power, and efficiency is also obtained in the efficient allocation of form and function.&nbsp;Get the full-text of the article

In this matter, books and articles related to the subject of theory of separation of powers in English sources will be discussed. 

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English reading materials in relation to the ‘Theory of separation of powers’

SDR or Special Drawing Right is like an international currency for the international monetary fund such that according to a news article from Al Jazeera, Iran owns the equivalent of 2.1 billion US dollars from that fund.But what is the nature of this international currency and what are the rules pertaining to it? It is a modern issue that few Persian outlets have worked on.This issue has been investigated in the advanced contemporary jurisprudence lessons of Professor Sayyid Moḥammad Riḍa Mudarrisī (esteemed jurist, member of the Guardian Council).The department of contemporary jurisprudence of the Islamic Seminaries in accordance with their responsibility, have sourced and translated reliable international resources and the exposition is has been handed over to the professor, which will be presented as needed. The translation and description of these texts will be officially published soon.However, according to the request of the dear colleagues, the main sources that have been procured will be introduced below so that our dear researchers participating in the teacher's course and other scholars can benefit from it.It should be noted that the introduction of&nbsp;&nbsp;educational sources on contemporary issues is only for the purpose of accurate knowledge of these issues and does not mean confirming the analyses or recommendations of those texts.Reading Articles regarding SDR currency (Special Withdrawal Rights):International Liquidity and the Role of the SDR in the International Monetary System.Authors: Clark, P. B., &amp; Polak, J. J. (2004).&nbsp;IMF Staff Papers, 51(1), p49-71.Since this article was published by the International Monetary Fund, in addition to the theoretical aspect, it also has a practical and operational aspects. Therefore, most of the analyses are observational and based on objective and real experiences. The authors were also senior consultants and managers of the research department of the International Monetary Fund.&nbsp;Users' Guide to the SDR: A Manual of Transactions and Operations in Special Drawing Rights.Authors: Treasurer's Department. (1995). International Monetary Fund.This article is also compiled by the International Monetary Fund and in a simple language, in addition to describing various theoretical aspects related to SDR, it has also examined various types of contracts from a practical point of view.&nbsp;&nbsp;Review of the Method of Valuation of the SDR.&nbsp;Authors: Tweedie, A. Hagan, S. Tiwari, Siddharth (2015).IMF Policy Paper, 2015, (10)This article was also published by the International Monetary Fund. A highly technical article that examines SDR estimation and valuation. This review includes the composition, size, preferred weights of the SDR currency basket and financial instruments for determining interest rates related to it. The important point about the above article is that various consultants from the financial, legal, strategic and policy departments of the International Monetary Fund have played a role in its compilation.Download the articles from <a href="https://s17.picofile.com/file/8429639018/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9SDR.zip.html">here</a>.Introducing the international reference book for understanding special drawing rights:Title: Special drawing rights (SDRs): The first international money.&nbsp;Author: Wilkie, C. (2012).Oxford University PressThis book deals with the history of SDR, talks about what it is, the philosophy of its formation and its importance. It also examines the role of SDR as a source of support and stability for the global economy in the face of the financial crisis.In addition to academic studies at prestigious universities such as the London School of Economics (LSE) and Oxford, the author of the book has also had various executive responsibilities, including: membership in the Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade of Canada, Canada's High Representative in the World Trade Organization and also the Business Conference and UN Development, as well as the lead negotiator of Canada's investment agreements with China, new member states of the European Union and other countries.Link to buy the book from Amazon:<a href="https://www.amazon.com/Special-Drawing-Rights-First-International/dp/0199606463">https://www.amazon.com/Special-Drawing-Rights-First-International/dp/0199606463</a>

You may not have heard of SDR. During the peak of the COVID Pandemic this currency was used quite a lot in different mediums, and they used it to meet the needs of countries, especially for countries that are under sanctions.

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What is SDR currency?

<ul><li>Financial support for the best papers</li></ul>&nbsp;For the attention of teachers, seminary students and university students who have comprehensive expertise and studies in the domain of relation of artificial intelligence with human sciences and ethics of artificial intelligence.&nbsp;The office of contemporary jurisprudence with the collaboration of you, the respected thinkers intends to:&nbsp;(Present) a comprehensive critique in relation to ‘The final draft of UNESCO’s&nbsp;recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence’ and formulate an alternative recommendation on this subject.&nbsp;A collection of all the critiques and propositions will be given to the Foreign Ministry so that in the UNESCO meetings which are to take place at the end of October, appropriate positioning and alternative recommendations on this subject are presented on behalf of the Islamic Republic of Iran.&nbsp;After this stage, chosen critiques along with a translation of the aforementioned recommendations will be published in a book by&nbsp;the office of contemporary jurisprudence.&nbsp;A translation of the final draft of UNESCO's artificial intelligence ethics recommendation has been prepared by the office of contemporary jurisprudence. This translation will be given to the respected researchers whose resume and ability have been verified by the office of contemporary jurisprudence and after formulating their critique and recommendations, they should send it to the office of contemporary jurisprudence.&nbsp;Critiques and alternative recommendations after being published in a book will be given financial support.&nbsp;From today until 21/10/2021, accomplished seminary and university students have the opportunity to send their scientific resume and a complete explanation of their abilities in relation to the subject to the admin of the office of contemporary jurisprudence channel on Eita at @rfiqhci and if verified, the office will get in contact and the proceeding direction will be timetabled.&nbsp;

Call for papers on the critique of UNESCO's artificial intelligence ethics recommendation document which is a suitable opportunity for collaboration and admission of students in the international arena has been presented.

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Call for papers on the critique of UNESCO's artificial intelligence ethics Recommendation

Each chapter can be read independently, but the overall structure of the book provides a complementary and detailed understanding of some of the most pressing issues brought about by AI and digital innovation. Given its modular nature, it is a text suitable for readers who wish to gain a reliable orientation about the ethics of AI and for experts who wish to know more about specific areas of the current debate.

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The Fiqh of Artificial Intelligence

The Fiqh of Ethics

ethics

responsibility-of-ai

ethics-of-artificial-intelligence

artificial-intelligence-law

Artificial Intelligence

This book offers a synthesis of investigations on the ethics, governance and policies affecting the design, development and deployment of artificial intelligence (AI). 

Ethics, Governance, And Policies In Artificial Intelligence

&nbsp;Features:&nbsp;<ul><li>Includes theoretical concepts, empirical studies and detailed overview of various aspects related to development of healthcare applications from a reliable, trusted, and secure data transmission perspective.</li><li>Provide insights on business applications of Blockchain, particularly in the healthcare sector.</li><li>Explores how Blockchain can solve the transparency issues in the clinical research.</li><li>Discusses AI with Blockchains, ranging from medical imaging to supply chain management.</li><li>Reviews benchmark testing of AI with Blockchains and its impacts upon medical uses.</li></ul>This book aims at researchers and graduate students in healthcare information systems, computer and electrical engineering.

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The Fiqh of Cryptocurrencies

The Fiqh of Money

Financial

Economic-systems

economic-systems

fiqh-of-cyberspace

Economic

Description:Tremendous growth in healthcare treatment techniques and methods has led to the emergence of numerous storage and communication problems and need for security among vendors and patients. This book brings together latest applications and state-of-the-art developments in healthcare sector using Blockchain technology. It explains how blockchain can enhance security, privacy, interoperability, and data accessibility including AI with blockchains, blockchains for medical imaging to supply chain management, and centralized management/clearing houses alongside DLT.

Blockchain Technology in Healthcare Applications: Social, Economic, and Technological Implications

“The creation of a single digital single market is one of the key objectives of the European Commission. The work deals with the challenges for European contract law in the areas of 3D printing, sharing economy and Internet of Things. The proliferation of digital products, and particularly the Internet of Things, the sharing economy and of 3D printing make the legislator and jurisprudence with new challenges. The band is made up in this context, inter alia, with the impact on contractual obligations, the effects of the contractual and non-contractual liability as well as the notion of consumer apart.”<h3>Review</h3>“The book provides an interesting insight into number of topical issues arising from new and 'disruptive' technologies and business models...the collection serves as a valuable source of information for practitioners, policymakers and consumer associations alike, through which their knowledge of the area can be broadened and deepened.” ―International Journal of Law and Information Technology

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Fiqh and Law

The Fiqh of Securities and Exchange

The Fiqh of Cyberspace

The Fiqh of Juridical Persons

rule-of-law

philosophy-of-law

fiqh-of-law

contract-law

The creation of a single digital single market is one of the key objectives of the European Commission. The work deals with the challenges for European contract law in the areas of 3D printing, sharing economy and Internet of Things.

Digital Revolution: Challenges for Contract Law in Practice

<h2 style="margin-left:0px;">About This Book</h2><ul><li>Set up your own wallet, buy and sell Bitcoin, and execute custom transactions on the Blockchain</li><li>Leverage the power of Bitcoin to reduce transaction costs and eliminate fraud</li><li>A practical step-by-step guide to break down the Bitcoin technology to ensure safe transactions</li></ul><h2 style="margin-left:0px;">Who This Book Is For</h2>If you are familiar with online banking and want to expand your finances into a resilient and transparent currency, this book is ideal for you. A basic understanding of online wallets and financial systems will be highly beneficial to unravel the mysteries of Bitcoin.<h2 style="margin-left:0px;">What You Will Learn</h2><ul><li>Set up your wallet and buy a Bitcoin in a flash while understanding the basics of addresses and transactions</li><li>Acquire the knack of buying, selling, and trading Bitcoins with online marketplaces</li><li>Secure and protect your Bitcoins from online theft using Brainwallets and cold storage</li><li>Understand how Bitcoin's underlying technology, the Blockchain, works with simple illustrations and explanations</li><li>Configure your own Bitcoin node and execute common operations on the network</li><li>Discover various aspects of mining Bitcoin and how to set up your own mining rig</li><li>Dive deeper into Bitcoin and write scripts and multi-signature transactions on the network</li><li>Explore the various alt-coins and get to know how to compare them and their value</li></ul><h2 style="margin-left:0px;">In Detail</h2>The financial crisis of 2008 raised attention to the need for transparency and accountability in the financial world. As banks and governments were scrambling to stay solvent while seeking a sustainable plan, a powerfully new and resilient technology emerged.Bitcoin, built on a fundamentally new technology called “The Blockchain,” offered the promise of a new financial system where transactions are sent directly between two parties without the need for central control.Bitcoin exists as an open and transparent financial system without banks, governments, or corporate support. Simply put, Bitcoin is “programmable money” that has the potential to change the world on the same scale as the Internet itself.This book arms you with immense knowledge of Bitcoin and helps you implement the technology in your money matters, enabling secure transactions.We first walk through the fundamentals of Bitcoin, illustrate how the technology works, and exemplify how to interact with this powerful and new financial technology. You will learn how to set up your online Bitcoin wallet, indulge in buying and selling of bitcoins, and manage their storage. We then get to grips with the most powerful algorithm of all times: the Blockchain, and learn how crypto-currencies can reduce the risk of fraud for e-commerce merchants and consumers.With a solid base of Blockchain, you will write and execute your own custom transactions. Most importantly, you will be able to protect and secure your Bitcoin with the help of effective solutions provided in the book. Packed with plenty of screenshots, Learning Bitcoin is a simple and painless guide to working with Bitcoin.<h2 style="margin-left:0px;">Style and approach</h2>This is an easy-to-follow guide to working with Bitcoin and the Blockchain technology. This book is ideal for anyone who wants to learn the basics of Bitcoin and explore how to set up their own transactions.

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bitcoin

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Embrace the new world of finance by leveraging the power of crypto-currencies using Bitcoin and the Blockchain

Learning Bitcoin

<h4>ABSTRACT</h4>The introduction in 1969 of the special drawing right (SDR), the reserve asset issued by the International Monetary Fund, was prompted by the desire to establish a mechanism for the deliberate creation of international reserves that would supplement existing reserve assets. In the 1960s these assets were mainly in the form of U.S. dollars, the supplies of which were constrained by the Bretton Woods system of fixed exchange rates, and of gold. The SDR was seen as a way out of the so-called Triffin dilemma whereby additions to official dollar holdings were seen as undermining the stability of the system, given the tendency on the part of some central banks to convert their dollar reserves into gold, thereby drawing down the limited U.S. gold stock.&nbsp;

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SDRs

The introduction in 1969 of the special drawing right (SDR), the reserve asset issued by the International Monetary Fund, was prompted by the desire to establish a mechanism for the deliberate creation of international reserves that would supplement existing reserve assets. 

International Liquidity and the Role of the SDR

This paper provides the basis for the quinquennial review of the method of valuation of the SDR, and the financial instruments used to determine the SDR interest rate.&nbsp;

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This paper provides the basis for the quinquennial review of the method of valuation of the SDR, and the financial instruments used to determine the SDR interest rate. 

REVIEW OF THE METHOD OF VALUATION OF THE SDR

Series: Manuals &amp; GuidesPublisher: International Monetary FundLanguage: EnglishPublication Date: 01 Jun 1995DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5089/9781557755285.069">https://doi.org/10.5089/9781557755285.069</a>ISBN: 9781557755285ISSN: 2663-3744Pages: 101Description: This guide explains to participants in the Special Drawing Rights Department and prescribed holders of SDRs the transactions and operations permitted under the IMF's Articles of Agreement and applicable decisions of the Executive Board.

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This guide explains to participants in the Special Drawing Rights Department and prescribed holders of SDRs the transactions and operations permitted under the IMF's Articles of Agreement and applicable decisions of the Executive Board.

User's Guide to SDR